Far From the Texas Coast, Hurricane Harvey Hits Oil Refiners
Three weeks after Hurricane Harvey ravaged the massive fuel-making industry along the Texas coast, the region’s recovery from storm damage is starting to disrupt plans for crucial maintenance at refineries thousands of miles away from the flood zones.
Harvey knocked out almost one-quarter of US refining capacity in late August, sending gasoline and diesel prices soaring. The storm hit a few weeks before most of the nation’s fuel makers were set to begin seasonal shutdowns. Demand usually slows at this time of year, so it is a good time to make repairs and install new equipment at plants that typically run all day every day.
But at least 13 refineries from Louisiana to Montana with a combined 3.27 million barrels a day have delayed maintenance for weeks or months, according to company statements and people familiar with the situation.
Some are churning out more fuel to take advantage of strong margins, while others simply do not have the personnel because workers were dispatched to help repair and restart storm-hit facilities along the Gulf of Mexico.
“Any plant which has the option of pushing back the work is probably going to do so,” Robert Campbell, head of oil-products analysis at Energy Aspects Ltd in New York, said. “You have really good margins. There would be concerns about some of the skilled trades, some of the services required.”
The largest US refinery, owned by Motiva Enterprises LLC in Port Arthur, Texas, is said to have pushed back maintenance on a crude unit to April from September, while Exxon Mobil said it delayed work at three refineries to divert workers to Texas, where it is trying to restart its Beaumont and Baytown plants.
Harvey swept through the Gulf Coast, making landfall on the 25th August and leading to widespread closures of refineries, including Motiva’s, with about 605,000 barrels a day of capacity.
While refiners such as Valero Energy Corporation, Citgo Petroleum Corporation and Flint Hills Resources LLC were able to quickly restart plants in the Corpus Christi, Texas, area shortly after Harvey rolled through, Motiva Port Arthur, Total SA Port Arthur and Exxon Beaumont are among those still working to reach normal operations.
At one point during the hurricane, at least 17 refineries either shut or operated at reduced rates.
The gasoline crack spread, a rough measure of the profit from refining crude into gasoline, jumped to the highest level in two years in late August. Profit margins for refineries in the Midwest using Bakken crude from North Dakota more than doubled, as did margins for plants along the Gulf Coast that process crude from offshore Louisiana.
Gasoline for October delivery fell 0.2 percent to US$1.6658 a gallon on the New York Mercantile Exchange at 10:48 am London time on the 19th September. The crack spread narrowed 2.7 percent to about US$19.63 a barrel.
“If you’re a refiner in the Midwest and you are unaffected, you’re probably going to want to keep churning out product to take advantage of the high margins,” Bill O’Grady, chief market strategist at Confluence Investment Management in St. Louis, said. “The trouble is, at some point you’ve got to shut everything down and clean it up.”
Shifting Maintenance
Marathon Petroleum Corporation is postponing the start of maintenance at its Garyville refinery in Louisiana by about two weeks to October to make up for lost production from its Galveston Bay and Texas City plants, which had shut due to the hurricane. Exxon said it is delaying turnarounds at facilities from Louisiana to Montana.
Phillips 66’s Sweeny refinery in Texas is moving maintenance to February that was set to start this month. The plant resumed normal operations on the 13th September after the storm last month. Other Texas plants shifting maintenance include Valero’s McKee refinery and Andeavor’s El Paso plant.
Some refineries in the Midwest have altered their plans. HollyFrontier Corporation delayed a turnaround at its Tulsa West plant in Oklahoma from September to the first quarter of next year, and October work at its Woods Cross site near Salt Lake City for two weeks. Citgo’s Lemont plant which serves the Chicago-area market also pushed back its September maintenance.
While there is a risk of more breakdowns the longer refiners delay maintenance, these delays are not likely to cause huge problems, according to Mr O’Grady.
“Most likely, the refineries that are delaying maintenance will be fine,” he said. “We’ll just see a bigger maintenance season in March.”